The counting convention
Gestational age is measured from the first day of your last menstrual period (LMP) — not from conception, and not from the positive test.
Two consequences follow. On the day you conceive you are already described as 2 weeks pregnant. And a "40-week" pregnancy contains roughly 38 weeks of embryonic and fetal development.
Working out your week
174 ÷ 7 = 24 remainder 6 → 24w6d
Clinicians always write it as weeks and days, because in obstetrics a few days genuinely matter. "24 weeks" and "24w6d" are a week apart in practice.
The trimesters
| Trimester | Weeks | Roughly |
|---|---|---|
| First | 0w0d – 13w6d | Organ formation; most symptoms peak |
| Second | 14w0d – 27w6d | Anatomy scan; movement felt |
| Third | 28w0d – birth | Growth, positioning, more frequent visits |
What "term" means
Since 2013 the medical definition of a term pregnancy has been split into four categories, because outcomes differ measurably between them:
| Category | Weeks |
|---|---|
| Early term | 37w0d – 38w6d |
| Full term | 39w0d – 40w6d |
| Late term | 41w0d – 41w6d |
| Post-term | 42w0d and beyond |
When dating gets adjusted
LMP dating assumes a 28-day cycle with ovulation on day 14. Plenty of cycles do not work that way, so dating is revised when:
- Cycles are long, short or irregular. Ovulating on day 21 rather than day 14 makes the LMP-based date a week late.
- The LMP is uncertain. Common after hormonal contraception or while breastfeeding.
- An early scan disagrees. A first-trimester ultrasound is accurate to about ±5–7 days, and takes precedence over LMP when the gap exceeds that.
- Conception is known precisely. With IVF, the transfer date gives an exact age, so LMP is not used at all.
Related: how the due date itself is derived from the same LMP figure, and how to work backwards to the likely conception date.
Run your own numbers
FAQ
How do I know how many weeks pregnant I am?
Why is pregnancy dated from my last period instead of conception?
How many weeks pregnant am I when I get a positive test?
When does each trimester start and end?
Can my due date change after an ultrasound?
Sources
Primary references used for the figures and rules on this page.
- Methods for Estimating the Due Date — ACOG
- Pregnancy — NIH — NICHD