Subtract two hours — for most of the Mountain zone
Eastern to Mountain takes off two hours for Denver, Salt Lake City, Albuquerque, Boise and Cheyenne. Those cities change their clocks on the same Sundays as the East Coast, so the two-hour gap is stable all year.
Phoenix needs its own arithmetic
Arizona keeps UTC−7 permanently. Since Eastern moves between UTC−5 and UTC−4, the difference from New York to Phoenix is two hours in winter and three in summer. Anyone scheduling with Arizona from the East Coast should convert by city, not by zone name. From roughly March to November, Phoenix is on the same clock as Los Angeles.
A workable but back-loaded overlap
An East Coast morning is a Mountain early morning: 8:00 AM in New York is 6:00 AM in Denver. The comfortable window opens around 11:00 AM Eastern, which is 9:00 AM Mountain, and runs to about 5:00 PM Eastern. National deadlines quoted in Eastern land two hours earlier in local terms, so a midnight Eastern cut-off is 10:00 PM in Denver, still the same evening.
Where the Mountain zone reaches
It covers Colorado, Utah, Wyoming, Montana, New Mexico, most of Idaho and Arizona, plus slices of Texas, Kansas, Nebraska, North Dakota and South Dakota. El Paso runs on Mountain despite the rest of Texas being Central.